Security Deposit: Common Mistakes in Finland
As a renter, it is important to understand how the security deposit and deposit account work in Finland to avoid unnecessary losses and disputes. This guide goes through the most common mistakes renters make when returning a deposit or assessing damages. I explain clearly what documentation to collect, when a landlord may make deductions, and how to act in dispute situations. The content is suitable for both first-time renters and more experienced tenants who want to secure their rights and prepare for discussions with the landlord. You will also get concrete action tips, links to official sources, and instructions on making a claim. You will learn how to make written contact, what claims can be made, and which authorities to contact if the matter is not resolved by agreement. The content is based on recommendations and legislation[1], legal guidance[2] and consumer authority advice[3].
Common Mistakes
- Failing to record or photograph the condition of the apartment before moving in.
- Not keeping receipts or repair invoices, leaving no evidence.
- Relying on verbal agreements about deposit handling without written confirmation.
- Not requesting a written breakdown from the landlord for any deductions.
- Failing to respond to landlord requests within deadlines, which may weaken your position.
Documenting Damages and Evidence
On moving day, take photos and create a written inventory of condition that both parties sign or confirm by email. Keep all receipts and repair invoices as well as communications with the landlord. State your claim clearly and request a breakdown of any deductions.
Deposit Account and Interest
If the lease includes provisions for a deposit account, ensure the deposit is handled according to law and any interest is recorded. Legislation sets the principles for tenancy and deposits[1], so review your contract and seek advice if needed.
How to Claim a Refund
Request a written breakdown and refund claim from the landlord within a reasonable time. If the landlord makes deductions, ask for detailed invoices and explanations. If matters are not resolved, explore dispute resolution options such as negotiation, the Consumer Disputes Board, or district court depending on the case[3][2].
FAQ
- How large can the deposit be?
- Typically the deposit equals 1–3 months' rent, but check your agreement and negotiate a reasonable amount.
- Can a landlord deduct for normal wear and tear?
- No, generally not; deductions may only be made for actual damages and costs beyond normal wear.
- Where can I complain if I do not get the deposit back?
- Try to agree with the landlord first. If needed, use the Consumer Disputes Board or bring the case to district court.
How-To
- Gather documentation: photos, condition inventory and receipts.
- Request a written breakdown from the landlord and keep communications as evidence.
- Contact authorities or advice services if the refund is not provided.
- Consider mediation, the disputes board, or legal action in case of unresolved disputes.
- Act promptly and respect deadlines when submitting claims.
Help and Support
- Finlex: Act on Residential Leases (481/1995)
- Oikeus.fi: Guidance and forms for legal processes
- KKV: Competition and Consumer Authority
