Tenant's Guide: electricity, water, heat in Finland
Many tenants in Finland face uncertainty about whether electricity, water or heating are included in the rent. This article clarifies what is typically included, common mistakes, and how to act if a dispute arises. We explain in simple terms how to read a lease, what evidence to collect, and which authorities to contact if needed. The article also outlines key rights and responsibilities and practical steps from negotiation to formal complaint in Finland.
Which charges are usually included in rent?
A lease can specify different charges. Common practices include:
- Electricity (payment): sometimes household electricity is included in rent, but it is often billed separately.
- Water (water): water may be included in the rent or divided according to consumption.
- Heating (heating): district heating or building heating costs can be included or allocated per apartment.
- Service fees or housing company charges: these must be clearly stated in the agreement.
Common tenant mistakes
Tenants often assume a charge is included without written confirmation. This can lead to surprise bills. Important mistakes include:
- Assuming without written confirmation: assumptions do not replace written terms.
- Poor documentation: missing receipts and emails weaken evidence in disputes.
- Ignoring contract terms: read the agreed terms carefully.
How to check if a charge is included in rent?
Follow these steps: read the lease first, look for specific mentions of "electricity", "water" or "heating" and note billing principles. If the contract is unclear, ask the landlord in writing and save the reply as evidence. The lease can also be interpreted under the Act on Residential Leases.[1]
If a dispute arises: options
Start by negotiating with the landlord and seeking a contractual solution. If no agreement is reached, next steps include advisory negotiations, the Consumer Disputes Board, and possibly the district court. The KKV also provides guidance on consumer disputes.[3]
FAQ
- Is electricity automatically included in the rent?
- No; electricity is included only if specifically stated in the lease or another written agreement.
- What should I do if the landlord demands extra payments?
- Request a written explanation for the demand, collect receipts and send a clear correction request. If unresolved, you can file a complaint with the KKV or bring the case to district court.[2]
- Can I cancel an unpaid invoice if I did not agree to it?
- Do not unilaterally withhold legally required payments, but you may dispute the invoice and seek a remedy through the authorities.
How-To
- Read the lease and look for mentions of charges (notice).
- Collect evidence: receipts, emails and photos (evidence).
- Discuss with the landlord and request written confirmation (contact).
- If no agreement, contact the KKV or prepare the case for district court (court).
Key takeaways
- Ensure all charges are confirmed in writing before paying.
- Gather and keep evidence for disputes.
- Turn to authorities if negotiation does not resolve the issue.
Help and Support / Resources
- Finlex: Act on Residential Leases (481/1995)
- Oikeus.fi: Guidance and services
- KKV: Advice and guidance for consumers
