Tenant responsibility for water, electricity in Finland

As a tenant you may face unclear splits of bills for water, electricity or heating. This guide explains how payments are commonly agreed in Finland, when a tenant is responsible for consumption and how meters and billing operate. I also explain what to do if a bill seems incorrect or a dispute arises between a landlord and a tenant. The guide advises on necessary actions, documentation and authorities to contact. The article also shows how to collect evidence, what to do in disagreements with a landlord and when to file a complaint with the Consumer Disputes Board or take the matter to court. Read the practical steps below.

Responsibility for water, electricity and heating

Law and general principles often determine responsibilities; see, for example, the Residential Leases Act for details.^[1]

• Water: the tenant usually pays their own consumption unless the lease states otherwise.
• Electricity: a separate electricity contract is typically the tenant's responsibility unless electricity is included in the rent.
• Heating: the building's system and contracts determine whether heating costs are billed separately or included in rent.

Meters and billing

Meters show actual consumption, and bills are based on meter readings or apartment-specific estimates. Always check the bill breakdown and meter readings before paying.

• Keep photos and dated notes of meter readings.
• Compare previous bills and report anomalies promptly to the landlord or energy supplier.

Track and document

Good documentation helps resolve disputes. Record dates, meter readings and contacts with the landlord and keep received messages. If needed, contact advisory services or authorities.^[2]

• Take photos of meters and breakdowns immediately after receiving a bill.
• Notify the landlord in writing if a bill appears incorrect.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who pays the water bill?

The tenant usually pays their own water consumption unless the lease states otherwise.

Can the landlord increase water or heating charges during the lease?

Changes often require an amendment to the lease or separate agreement; specifics depend on the lease and legislation.

Where can I complain if the bill is wrong?

First try to agree with the landlord; if that fails, seek advice from the Consumer Disputes Board or legal assistance.

How to act

1. Check the bill breakdown and meter readings as soon as you receive the bill.
2. Contact the landlord in writing and request an explanation for discrepancies.
3. Gather photos, receipts and communications as evidence.
4. Contact the Consumer Disputes Board or consumer advisory services if no agreement is reached.
5. As a last resort, you may take the matter to court if other remedies fail.

Help and support

• Finlex — Residential Leases Act (481/1995)
• Oikeus.fi — Court services and guidance
• Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority (KKV) — Consumer guidance

---

1. [1] Finlex — Residential Leases Act (481/1995)
2. [2] Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority (KKV) — Consumer guidance