Tenant cleaning and deposit in Finland

When a lease ends, many tenants wonder whether the landlord can require end-of-tenancy cleaning or withhold part of the security deposit. This article clearly explains what the law says in Finland and what practical steps a tenant should take. I cover when cleaning can be required, how to separate damage from normal wear, what documents and photos to keep, and how deposit returns are handled. I also explain how to act in disputes, when to seek mediation or specialized authorities, and how to obtain legal assistance. The goal is to give the tenant clear, practical instructions and a checklist for the move-out moment.

Legal background

The Act on Residential Leases defines the landlord's and tenant's responsibilities for cleaning, damage and deposits in Finland ^[1]. Generally a landlord cannot charge full cleaning costs for normal wear; repairs and cleaning costs are possible if there is exceptional dirt or damage to the apartment.

When can end-of-tenancy cleaning be required?

A requirement for end-of-tenancy cleaning is usually based on whether the tenant has caused extra work or costs to restore the apartment. Normal wear, such as slightly worn flooring or routine cleaning needs, typically does not justify large cleaning charges. The landlord must be able to demonstrate the costs and separate normal wear from actual damage.

Security deposit and return

The security deposit is intended to cover damages or unpaid rent. In Finland, deposit handling and returns should be reasonable and follow the lease terms; the landlord must provide a written explanation for any withholding and present receipts for costs. In disputes, the matter can be taken to mediation or resolved in court ^[2].

How-To

1. Conduct a move-out inspection and record a signed condition report (record).
2. Take clear photos and keep receipts and any cleaning invoices (evidence).
3. Negotiate cleaning and repair costs in writing and request a cost breakdown (payment).
4. If you cannot agree, seek mediation and, if needed, bring the case to court (court).

Key takeaways

• The security deposit may be used only for proven costs or unpaid rent.
• Document the apartment condition at move-out with photos and written notes.
• Always request a written breakdown of any claimed cleaning costs.

FAQ

Can a landlord demand full end-of-tenancy cleaning?

Not usually; full cleaning can be demanded only if the apartment has exceptional dirt or damage that goes beyond normal wear.

How quickly must a deposit be returned?

The return time is not strictly defined by law, but withholdings must be explained in writing and returns should be completed within a reasonable time according to the agreement and circumstances.

What if the landlord does not return the deposit?

First try negotiating, use mediation, or take the matter to court; keep all evidence and communications.

Help and support

• Finlex — Act on Residential Leases (481/1995) (form)
• Oikeus.fi — Court services and guidance (court)
• KKV — Consumer advice and dispute resolution (help)

1. [1] Finlex: Act on Residential Leases (481/1995)
2. [2] Oikeus.fi: Court services and guidance