Tenant Security Deposit and Damages in Finland
Many tenants feel uncertain about deposit issues: what happens if the landlord deducts compensation for damages or cleaning from the security deposit? This guide clearly explains the basics of security deposits, the importance of evidence, and how to request a correction and, if necessary, how to appeal a decision in Finland. The content is suitable for situations where you want to negotiate with the landlord, collect evidence, request remedies, or escalate the matter to an authority or district court. The guide also covers deadlines, written requirements, and when to seek help in consumer disputes.
How deposits and damages work
The security deposit is intended to cover unpaid rent or damages to the apartment. The landlord must justify deductions and present an itemisation or compensation claim. The tenant has the right to see the basis and request an itemised account and repair proposals. If the landlord deducts from the deposit, first try to agree in writing and collect photos, receipts and other evidence of the situation.[1]
When the deposit is deducted
- Ask the landlord for a written breakdown of deductions and costs.
- Collect evidence: photos, receipts, messages and the move-out inspection protocol.
- Submit a written correction request stating what you demand and attach evidence.
- Observe deadlines: respond and submit correction requests promptly to protect your rights.
- If no agreement is reached, consider contacting the KKV or the Consumer Disputes Board.
Correction and appeal
If you do not accept the landlord's deduction, first file a written correction request. Explain what you demand and attach evidence. If correction is denied, you can seek a resolution from the Consumer Disputes Board or take the matter to district court depending on the size of the dispute. The Consumer Disputes Board issues recommendations in consumer-business disputes, while a court decision is legally binding.[2]
How to handle a written correction
- Prepare a clear correction claim: date, grounds for the claim and a list of evidence.
- Attach photos and receipts demonstrating the extent of the damage and repair costs.
- Set a reasonable reply time for the landlord and keep copies of all communications.
Frequently asked questions
- Can a landlord keep the entire deposit without justification?
- No. The landlord must justify deductions and provide an itemised account of costs.
- What evidence should I collect before filing a complaint?
- Collect photos, receipts, the move-out inspection protocol and messages with the landlord.
- Should I complain first to the Consumer Disputes Board or go straight to court?
- Often start with the Consumer Disputes Board because it is cheaper and faster; more serious disputes can be taken to district court.
How-To
- Gather all evidence and make copies.
- Send the landlord a written correction request and ask for an itemisation.
- Give the landlord a reasonable response time, for example 14 days.
- If there is no reply or the reply is unclear, contact the KKV or the Consumer Disputes Board.
- As a last resort, bring the matter to district court if no settlement is reached.
Help and Support
- Finlex: Act on Residential Leases (English)
- KKV: Guidance and advice
- Oikeus.fi: Legal guidance and services
